Friday, June 24, 2016

Why Bilateral Talks with China Won’t Do


Purely bilateral dialogue between us and China to win our right in the West Philippine Sea won’t do. It is the height of naiveté to believe it will.

China’s actuation in the disputed waters has made it obvious that might trumps right. It has been that way with conflicts even before the first empire appeared on the planet.  China won't be the exception.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, nation states that resisted the “benevolent” intrusion of colonizers would ultimately yield due to the gunboat diplomacy, the use of overpowering navy artillery when talks fell.

For the past 15 years, China has employed against its weak neighbors approximately the same tactic in enforcing possession over 90 percent of the South China Sea and a large portion of our exclusive economic zone. This is to flex superior military muscle.

China is occupying the large ocean out there and encroaching in our waters, not because of the truthfulness or rightfulness of its nine-dash line, but because of the might of its naval and air assets. Had it nothing like them, it wouldn’t even think of trying.

By building an artificial island in the Spratlys, the Chinese government has signified the intention to lay over for good. No diplomatic words, persuasive reasoning, legality or resort to gift-laden compromises will stop that.

We have nothing to contest China’s aggression in terms of equal war capability on air and sea. Are we to believe that its bullying patrols are going to abandon the territory and retreat to their mainland shores out of moral compunction, or deference to an aggrieved friendly neighbor?

Moral persuasion or begging doesn’t work in resolving territorial disputes. Neither is readiness to give up what otherwise should be a non-negotiable position – like our exclusive marine entitlement, in exchange for some project with dubious social and economic value.

On the other hand, resorting to bilateral talks forfeits the one big advantage of our cause: the potent backing of other stakeholders. This involves not only economic and political pressure, but composite military force, not only for parity, but to get the upper hand in maneuver or brinkmanship.

Alone by ourselves across the negotiating table, we will have no option but to just play foolhardy or grudgingly accept the inevitable, because we have waived our source of strength: the big stakes of powers – equal to or even greater than China, that are interested in settling the rift in our favor.

Bilateralism should be borne in mind as not just an alternative or a parallel track to the multilateral approach. It is opposite to the latter, for it shuns the involvement of other concerned parties. It excludes the other nations which also have stake on the outcome. It cancels out multilateral resolution.

The problem with this is it foists two counterproductive effects. One is we lose bargaining chips, or political ammunition when fireworks become inevitable. Second is we do not only ignore, but end up trashing, the equally important concerns of other geopolitical players. Thus, we alienate them, instead of mustering a united front, with them weighing in.

Our interest on the West Philippine Sea is linked to the interest of the global community at large, that is: in disputes and international relations the rule of law must be followed. In the case of the WPS conflict, it is the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Throw the pact away, and it opens an uncertain course fraught with political and economic hazards for every maritime nation.

Under UNCLOS, Filipinos are accorded the right to solely conduct economic activity over and underneath the Scarborough Shoal and Spratly. Won’t any developing nation like us want to enshrine that rule with no ifs and buts? It is for our economic growth, national security, internal stability and social development that China clears out of those waters less than 250 kilometers off our shorelines.

Why then should countries like America, Japan, Australia, India and now, coming into the fray, France and the European Union bother that we win in this? The magic phrase as well as the basis for it is the interest of FREEDOM OF NAVIGATION: their freedom.

If the UNCLOS is ruled out in the case of the West Philippine Sea, it means that China’s territorial claim on almost all of the South China Sea prevails. And if the SCS indeed becomes the exclusive lake of the People’s Republic of China, then the other countries can no longer pass there by air or by sea, without anybody's permission, as they used to since time immemorial.

It does not go deep to see that our loss in the dispute will be bad not only to our country, but also to others. A defeat will have the repercussion of disturbing the existing world order in a tremendous way. It will alter the present geopolitical and economic landscape with outcomes that may no longer be acceptable to a large number of members in the community of nations.

For the vast part of the South China Sea to be declared no longer international waters and the traditionally free maritime routes closed to transnational shipping lines plying their old commerce, is untenable. It will truly wreak havoc on the global market and rearrange the economic status quo.

If countries, like the United States, Japan, South Korea, Australia, India, France, the United Kingdom, Germany and Canada are unable to ply anymore the vital sea and air lanes to our west whether for economic or military purposes, unless the PRC approves, a powder-keg situation will arise. It may take only a match stick of an accidental or intentional collision of hostile forces to light up a conflagration far worse than World War II.

The festering conflict in the West Philippine Sea is definitely not just a problem between our country and China. It is a problem of many nations. It is one with overarching global implications that countries affected would be in a good place to take part. It therefore demands multilateral solution.

Finally, international leverage drawn in by the inter-regional nature of the issue can be used to maximum political advantage for us.

Bilateral versus multilateral, narrow view versus the big picture, which are we for?

No comments:

Post a Comment

Uncertainty Hounds As Eastern Visayas Breaks Away From The Past

  BIMBO CABIDOG The people of Eastern Visayas inhabit a land rich in natural resources. The region has a vast land area. Samar alone is the ...